8th Grade

Here are the notes for Section 2 Chapter 5. These will need to be in your note book by Friday.

The first part is listed below.

Turmoil over Taxation
Chapter 5
Section 2

New Troubles on the Frontier
With the French now out of the way, English settlers flooded over the Appalachian Mountains

Clashes with Native Americans
English encountered many new tribes
Ex. Huron, Miami, Delaware, & Ottawa
1762 Lord Jeffrey Amherst was sent to Ohio Valley to keep order
He allowed their land to be taken by settlers
He raised prices on goods they bought
Completely different than how the French treated the Indians
Pontiac is chosen as leader against the English
“dogs dressed in red, who have come to rob us of our hunting grounds and drive away the game”

War on the Frontier
Several different tribes of Indians led by Pontiac vs. English at Fort Detroit
In a few months the Indians had captured most English forts in Ohio Valley
Colonial troops with aid of British army regained most of what was lost
Became know as Pontiac’s War and it ended because the French told Indians they had signed the Treat of Paris
Indians quit fighting and went home

Proclamation Line of 1763
Pontiac’s War convinced British that they needed to end free run on westward expansion.
Created an imaginary line along the crest of the Appalachian Mountains.
No new settling could be done west of that line
All settlers west of that line must return at once
To enforce this line Britain sent 10,000 troops
Colonists were angry
Daniel Boone disobeyed and explored Ohio Valley

British Impose New Taxes
Huge debts to England over French & Indian War
To help off set the cost, England decides to tax colonies
Felt that colonist would understand a small tax increase

Sugar Act
New tax on molasses
Replaced a old high tax that was being avoided because of smuggling
Sugar Act lowered old tax but made it easier to enforce and punish smugglers

Stamp Act
Tax placed on all legal documents
Ex. wills, marriage papers, diplomas
Also taxed newspapers, playing cards, almanacs, and dice
All items must be stamped to show taxes had been paid
English already used this tax elsewhere, just never in colonies

Protesting the Stamp Act
Rock Throwing
Tar and Feathering
Riots in Boston as well as New York
British caught off guard, did not expect this kind of reaction
Had protected the colonists, the least they could do was pay the tax
British citizens were paying a much higher tax

Taxation without representation
Principal of the Magna Carta
Only their elected officials had the right to tax
No elected officials in Parliament, no taxes
Colonists were willing to pay a tax if it was passed by their colonial legislature